We also use a distributed hydrological model, wflow_sbm, to yield additional estimates of discharge and actual evaporation. Estimates of the other water balance components, namely the rainfall, actual evaporation, discharge, and groundwater storage change are derived from various global datasets and available measurements. Firstly, we estimate groundwater abstraction volumes based on population size and a review of literature. Therefore, in this study, we aim to improve the accuracy of water balance components estimates in the Upper Citarum basin. In the upper reaches of the Citarum River in West Java, Indonesia, for example, many previous studies found the groundwater storage to be depleting, while GRACE identifies a contrasting trend of increasing groundwater storage change. Upper region of the Citarum basin in Indonesia.Īssessing water balance components in data-scarce regions using different approaches could result in different outcomes. The study can be enhanced by using different data platforms as well as available information on study sites. The simulated evapotranspiration and soil wetness are in good agreement with the SMAP_L4_GPH product in April 2015-2018. The mean values of Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) for the period 2005-2019 to these catchments are 0.63 and 0.75 for daily and monthly discharge simulations, respectively. ![]() For the evaluation, model output was cross-evaluated in ten selected head catchments in a low mountain range in Saxony. We applied the hydro response units (HRUs) approach for 6175 small and medium-sized catchments. ![]() The model is not calibrated but rather uses available information on soil, land use and precipitation only. We developed an innovative approach using the physically-based lumped-parameter water balance model BROOK90 (R version) integrated into a sensor network platform to derive daily water budget components for catchments in the Free State of Saxony. Because regional observations of these components cannot be acquired adequately, applying water balance models is a feasible solution. Highly-resolved data on water balance components (like runoff or storage) are crucial to improve water management, e.g., in drought or flood situations. The mean values of Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) for the period 2005-2019 to these catchments are 0.63 and 0.75, for daily and monthly discharge simulations, respectively. The model is not calibrated, but rather uses available information on soil, land use, and precipitation only. As regional observations of these components cannot be acquired adequately, a feasible solution is to apply water balance models. Highly-resolved data on water balance components (such as runoff or storage) are crucial to improve water management, for example, in drought or flood situations.
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